1 Chronicles 4:39

Authorized King James Version

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And they went to the entrance of Gedor, even unto the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ H1980
וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 1 of 9
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
לִמְב֣וֹא to the entrance H3996
לִמְב֣וֹא to the entrance
Strong's: H3996
Word #: 2 of 9
an entrance (the place or the act); specifically sunset or the west; also (adverb with preposition) towards
גְדֹ֔ר of Gedor H1446
גְדֹ֔ר of Gedor
Strong's: H1446
Word #: 3 of 9
gedor, a place in palestine; also the name of three israelites
עַ֖ד H5704
עַ֖ד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 4 of 9
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
לְמִזְרַ֣ח even unto the east side H4217
לְמִזְרַ֣ח even unto the east side
Strong's: H4217
Word #: 5 of 9
sunrise, i.e., the east
הַגָּ֑יְא of the valley H1516
הַגָּ֑יְא of the valley
Strong's: H1516
Word #: 6 of 9
a gorge (from its lofty sides; hence, narrow, but not a gully or winter-torrent)
לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ to seek H1245
לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ to seek
Strong's: H1245
Word #: 7 of 9
to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
מִרְעֶ֖ה pasture H4829
מִרְעֶ֖ה pasture
Strong's: H4829
Word #: 8 of 9
pasture (the place or the act); also the haunt of wild animals
לְצֹאנָֽם׃ for their flocks H6629
לְצֹאנָֽם׃ for their flocks
Strong's: H6629
Word #: 9 of 9
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)

Analysis & Commentary

And they went to the entrance of Gedor, even unto the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks—this describes Simeonite expansion seeking גְּדוֹר (Gedor, location debated), illustrating tribal movements pursuing resources. The phrase 'seek pasture' (לְבַקֵּשׁ מִרְעֶה, levakesh mireh) describes nomadic-pastoral economy's demands—tribes needed extensive grazing lands for livestock survival.

The passage (vv. 38-43) records Simeonite conquest of Hamite populations during Hezekiah's reign, demonstrating continued tribal identity and expansion even after 722 BC northern kingdom's fall. While Israel proper collapsed, Judah's southern tribes maintained covenant consciousness and territorial claims. This faithfulness through turbulent times preserved them for return from Babylonian exile generations later. Persistent seeking—whether pasture or God's purposes—characterizes covenant faithfulness.

Historical Context

This expansion occurred during Hezekiah's reforms (c. 715-686 BC), when Assyria had destroyed northern Israel. Some northern tribes like Simeonite clans found refuge in Judah, maintaining identity. Their aggressive expansion southward suggests population pressure and economic necessity. The Chronicler preserves this as example of tribal vitality during monarchy's twilight.

Questions for Reflection